South Africas Position in the African Union Committee

South Africas Position in the African Union Committee Delegation from Represented by South Africa Concordia University Position Paper for the African Union Committee The topics before the African Union Committee are: Food Security, Development and NGO Accountability, and China and India’s role in facilitating economic development in Africa. South Africa is strongly committed to collaborating with the various members of the international community. We believe that it is necessary to undertake joint actions based on international law to ensure that lasting multilateral solutions can be applied. This will address and improve the living conditions of millions of people around the world. I. Food Security Challenges South Africa advocates its support towards the eradication of extreme hunger and poverty across the world as part of target No. 1 of the UN Millennium Task Project. The commitment of the South African government towards food Security is entrenched in section 27 of South Africa’s Constitutional rights. Since 1994, South Africa has made constant efforts to make food security a priority policy, as part of the Reconstruction and Development Programme (RDP). This program aimed for the redistribution of public funds in order to improve the living conditions of the most vulnerable and disadvantaged people. In 2000, the South African Government decided to develop a national food security policy that would harmonize and integrate all the existing programs into a single and efficient body known as the Integrated Food Security Strategy (IFSS). The goal of this program is to guarantee universal physical, social and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food by all South Afric ans at all times. The previous statement is also a definition of food security by the Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations (FAO). The main objective of the IFSS is to eradicate hunger, malnutrition and food insecurity by 2015. This program targets public and private society by focusing on household food security without overlooking national food security. The first step is to create food security interventions in order to guarantee that food insecure population gain access to the necessary productive resources. In the second part of the program, people who are unable to produce food are helped to find jobs or activities that will produce adequate income so that they can purchase sufficient food. The third part of the program guarantees food insecure population access to nutritious and safe food. The fourth part of the project targets people that are unable to work or produce food due to disabilities or extreme poverty. The project will procure relief measures to ensure short-term to medium-term food supplies that will vary depending on each case. The last part of the project aims to monitor food security in the country with the aim of improving and developing efficient approaches that would culminate in the complete eradication of hunger, malnutrition and food insecurity. In addition, the South African government has also pressed to eradicate hunger and poverty at the international scale. In 2002, South Africa successfully managed to obtain the necessary support to enact the Johannesburg Declaration on Sustainable Development. In this document, member states agreed that sustainable development and multilateralism were the most secure ways to guarantee food security at the world stage. We would also like to remind members of the African Union about the importance of collaborating with the current Comprehensive Africa Agriculture Development Programme (CAADP). This ambitious and innovative agricultural program is part of the New Partnerships for Africa’s Development (NEPAD) which is in turn a program created by the African Union. The CAADP vision is to create an African led and owned collective agriculture, based on developing strategies that would successfully meet the needs of the different African societies. The CAADP has four major pillars: sustainable land and water management, market access, food supply and hunger and agricultural research. In 2004, the CAADP initiated a first mission in South Africa by providing knowledge and skill training to farmers. South Africa warmly welcomes the CAADP and wishes to propose its own program, the IFSS, as alternative model for fellow states that are currently experiencing a food predicament. South Africa urges members to abide by resolution A/58/485 known as â€Å"water for life† by which states recognized the importance of water as natural resource necessary for sustainable development. South Africa calls upon all states and NGOs to work multilaterally to create lasting, efficient and transparent solutions to address the needs of the most vulnerable people in the world. South Africa remains confident that the eradication of hunger can be achieved and will continue to work to reach its objective by creating means of sustainable development. II. Development and NGO Accountability The South African government wishes to acknowledge the important contribution of NGOs in the socio-economic development of Africa. The United Nations considers non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and civil society organizations (CSOs) to be valuable partners in the building of global society. South Africa shares the United Nations’ vision and wishes to endorse its support for transparent, efficient and open NGO participation within its territory. South Africa is home to nearly 76,000 non-profit organizations which employ nearly a million people The recent decision by the African Union to exclude NGOs from the 2063 conference emphasizes the need for NGOs and governments to work closely together on ways to regulate each other participation and impact on the lives of millions of people. South Africa wishes to highlight that there are major differences in terms of structure and objectives among the various types of NGOs, which might complicate the application of most known types of accountability. However, South Africa remains confident that the best way to work with NGOs and to promote development is to find a way to evaluate their work without limiting their freedom of speech, independence or ability to exist as alternative channels for citizens. For this reason, South Africa proposes the creation of an enquiry commission within the African Union that would evaluate NGOs on the principle of democratic accountability. Democratic accountability entails that NGOs should be accountable to those who they affect, especially people in vulnerable positions. This commission should be led by people who are familiar with the African continent and the needs of locals. South Africa suggests the commission publish reports every two years that will assess the locals’ level of satisfaction with the different organizations, the impact of these organizations in the daily life of people and the calculated prediction on the final outcome of the program. We believe th at if all people have access to a neutral and private way to evaluate NGO performance, this will lead to major improvements on multiple levels. The fact that NGOs know their work will be evaluated and openly assessed by published reports will push these organizations to play close attention to the comments and suggestions of locals. By combining the expertise and resources of these organizations with the knowledge of the locals, South Africa hopes that NGOs will have an easier time reaching the poorest people and this will accelerate the delivery of their services. South Africa believes that the poorest people should be an essential part of the decision-making process. We will look favorably upon NGOs who allow these people to have a greater say in the decisions taken by the organization as well as those NGOs who produced satisfactory results over a five year period. South Africa urges members of the international community to abide by the 2002 Johannesburg Declaration in order to f ind multilateral lasting solutions for the many challenges that lie ahead, especially in areas such as food security, poverty and economic development. III. China and India’s role in facilitating economic development in Africa South Africa remains confident that cooperation and negotiation are the best tools to promote friendly and profitably relations with India and China in order to obtain mutual economic development. South Africa maintains friendly and profitable relations with China and India as we share membership in multiple organizations such as: G20, BRICS, and IBSA. The recent decision by BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa) leadership to engage closely in Africa represents an important opportunity for African states. Under the leadership of South African President Jacob Zuma, South Africa aims to establish an African free trade area by 2015. This area would include 26 African states with a combined population of 600 million and GDP of one trillion dollars. We believe Africa has great potential and we expect African output to expand by 50% in 2015. The expansion of African output will also increase spending power by 30%, which would greatly contribute to the development and expans ion of the middle class in the continent. South Africa wishes to highlight the extraordinary African mineral and agricultural potential which motivated our nation to approve 1,000 investment plans in 36 different African countries. South Africa has a close and growing relationship with India as it remains our fifth most important trade partner. Trade with India has great potential and would greatly benefit the economic development of states who engage in practices based on international law. South Africa recognizes this potential as bilateral trade rose from R16.3 billion in 2007 to a R61.65 billion in 2012. South Africa’s relationship with India is built on more than economic interests, as our nations continue to coordinate their political agenda to face many global issues. In the 2013 IBSA meeting, the leaders of India, Brazil and South Africa publicly reiterated their commitment towards inclusive social development, economic growth and democratic values as the guiding prin ciples for peace, security and prosperity for the next years. South Africa is confident about the IBSAs capacity to promote prosperity through free trade agreement and sustainable development. South Africa recognizes China and India’s efforts to deal with food security around the world and demands a halt on the uncontrolled speculation by developed nations on agricultural commodities and restrictive and distorting trade practices. We urge developed nations to honor their commitments in supporting developing nations and we welcome the L’Aquila Joint Statement on Food Security adopted in Rome in 2009. China is South Africa’s largest economic partner and an important player for the economic stability of Africa. We praise BRICS support for the current African Union’s NEPAD program and wish to inform African states that BRICS members are excepted to invest nearly 480 billion dollars for the development of infrastructure in Africa. South Africa recognises China ’s commitment to the continent and encourages African states to cooperate through the use of the Forum on China and Africa Cooperation (FOCAC). South Africa is glad to announce that it will be hosting the next 2015 FOCAC meeting where China and African States will continue to tackle job creation, sustainable growth and clean energy. South Africa wishes to extend a hand to all African States and members of the international community in order to cooperate with China and India for the building of a better future.

“Jane Eyre” Compare and Contrast Essay Essay

Characters in the exuberant novel Jane Eyre, written by Charlotte Bronte, have such broad yet elaborate personalities and traits so that setting them apart from one another would not be much of a challenge. One of the most important and steadfast character in this novel, Helen Burns, accepted widely by society that she resembles mostly to a missionary, in that of similar traits. Pairing a common idea, person, or object with characters clarify them to the highest degree. It is universally accepted that Helen Burns would be likened to a missionary because of her belief in God, In her ability to save someone, and because of her being rejected, like many missionaries today. Belief in God could not be more important for Helen Burns in her understanding of life as we know it, her harsh punishments, and strict conduct shape her personality and character from a child. Without her strong faith and belief in the Lord she would not have been able to have lived life so calm and steadfast. Even though it is claimed that her faith is not shaped entirely by the Bible, she tends to have a philosophy of her own, and that is to be somewhat be an individual and basically mind your own business, and to be one’s own person. â€Å"Hush, Jane! you think too much of the love of human beings; you are too impulsive, too vehement; the sovereign hand that created your frame, and put life into it, has provided you with other resources than your self, or than creatures feeble as you.†(Bronte 8). Helen says that Jane shouldn’t care for what people think, and says that she should only be focused on the true creator of life and only make sure that she pleases him and no one else, even though she should love everybody at all times, and not arouse any problems with anybody. Helen’s faith would be the sole reason of what keeps her strong, and what eventually keeps Jane strong, as well as helping her pass away knowing that she would once and for all unite with her savior – Jesus Christ. Faith and foundation rests upon the hands of God. A missionary’s occupation is built around those same building blocks of many human being today, and without their strong belief they could not do what they do best. Their faith helps them preach the gospel and help their brothers and sisters, mothers  and fathers, and daughters and sons all over the world. Without the drive and compassion they have for God, they would not be able to complete the basic and complex tasks as a human being and to reach the golden gates of Heaven one day. For example many people just by the ways and actions of most christians today gain respect for them by many different types of people, just like how Jane slowly but surely gains respect and understanding of why Helen became a Christian. Missionaries everyday accomplishments, and actions have the foundation of God built around them, and just like Helen Burns keeps them optimistic, and hopeful for a new day and what’s to come. The sole objective of Helen Burns’ life was to respect and follow the word of God, but little did she know that one of her objectives originally planned by God was to help Jane Eyre mature and find a love for God as well. Helen Burns was not aware but she shaped Jane’s life from a child and as she grew Helen’s teaching and soothing and wise words flowed right out of her. Jane’s character was built from the wise words and character of Helen Burns. Without Helen Burns Now it is universally accepted that Helen Burns saved Jane Eyre from a seeker to a believer in God, and this qualifies as a trait of a missionary, as well as shaping Jane’s discombobulated childhood. A missionaries purpose in life is to go from place to place and try to convert people into the word of God. A missionary realizes that they save people and that is what slightly differentiates Helen Burns from them. Even though most missionaries are older men, Helen Burns is a lady and a young one at that. Missionaries usually spread the word of God in many different ways, by being enthusiastic, factual, or funny. Helen Burns strictly sticks with the material she knows, and teaches Jane Eyre more than a thing a two about life in general and God. Missionaries all in all save people from sin, and guide them out of the darkness and into the light of God, just like Helen did for Jane. Missionaries have more of a knowledge of how they want to evaluate a certain person and what the best way would be to convert them. Missionaries save people everyday using different methods and reasoning, and in the end they end up helping people get steps closer to God. Helen Burns just like any other believer in Christ becomes always becomes  rejected by some way, shape, or form of society. At first Jane does not think anything of the word of God then she starts to associate it with a fairy-tale implying that it’s simply not true, there can be no place as heaven, and the idea of God being obscure. Being a young girl and not knowing better could be a legitimate explanation for this behavior, however when she realizes how calm and steadfast Helen’s actions are with her hard life of always being punished for the smallest things, and being picked on by cruel teachers, she begins to realize the empowerment of Christ. Helen Burns becomes a rejection faith-wise to Jane, but little by little Jane realizes truth from lie, just like many non-believers today. Helen Burns relates perfectly to a missionary for this reason, because of times Missionaries are rejected because of the stubborn atheists. Part of being a missionary and basically what comes in the package of this honor, would be that there will always be rejection. People who are uneducated, not willing to learn, or confused will not take the time to hear a missionary out and listen to why they should believe in the one true God. Rejection, clearly understood as an inevitable action or mental state that happens to be involved in everything. The incorporation of this in a missionaries work is double the amount of regular doses of rejection for the main reason of, â€Å"There is no such as God,† as thought by uneducated atheists. Just like Jane Eyre without giving Helen a chance to really speak her heart from the result of Jane’s actions, many missionaries are turned down by the public in the spite up they just don’t give them a chance to hear there thoughts, views, and morals. When Jane realizes how calm Helen was that she knew she was about to die, because it would give her a chance to be with God, she realizes that there is a God, and heaven would be her last and final destination from that day forward. Without the incorporation of Helen Burns in this novel, there would not be a foundation to Jane’s life, as she would still remain a seeker to find the religion that would suit her needs, and that she would feel was real and essential to her life. Helen Burns was a not only the foundation for Jane Eyre but the foundation for the novel itself. Just as a missionary always has base and roots of the person converted by them. Helen and a missionary  have much in common even though Helen was not aware of how she fulfills this title, and missionaries are. It’s widely accepted by society that Helen Burns would have to be one of the greatest literary characters to have ever been created, and if more of the world were indulged by her powerful presence maybe also they too would â€Å"Rise again.† (Bronte 9).

Short Story - 1563 Words

A bright and vibrant light shines through the dense and murky fog ahead of me as I stumble down the path from the forest. After my long journey, I am longing for a hot meal and a soft bed. The last town did not have what was needed. Let us hope this one does. Suddenly an outline of a building appears to the left of me. It is a wooden building with stone foundations. There is a lantern hanging above the double doors in the front. Loud, joyful sounds come from within such as metal objects hitting pottery. All of these elements fulfill the description of a tavern. This is great! I walk to the door and remember how I chose to give the rest of my coins to the needy. While I am contemplating whether or not I should enter, the door flies open,†¦show more content†¦It looks as if it is some sort of modern play. Someone is holding a fake skull and is talking to it. I am curious now. I should try and check it out later. I continue to follow the greeter to a small booth of four other men who have the same general look as me. The ‘I have been traveling for a long time’ look. â€Å"May I sit with you?† I ask as the greeter leaves us to go back to the door. They answer with a resounding â€Å"yes.† The man in front of me introduces himself as Siddhartha Gautama, but I should call him Gautama. He looks old. He looks like a monk and has his head shaved. Everything about him seems to be perfect; everything is precisely timed. It almost feels like he is looking into my soul to understand me. Next, the person to the left of me calls himself Siddhartha. He gives the same sort of feeling of looking into one’s soul; though he seems less perfect than Gautama, but almost wiser. His hair has grown out into a roughly shaven beard. When the others speak, he seems to listen and take everything they say in. After Siddhartha, a man sitting next to Gautama introduces himself as Utnapishtim. He looks like an ancient man who has seen millions of generations come and go. As he is presenting himself, he trails off, almost as if he lost the point of still speaking. His clothes and hair are matching. Both are grey and ragged. His beard looks as if it has not been shaved in a century and his mustache has evolved into his lip. His hairShow MoreRelatedshort story1018 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Short Stories:  Ã‚  Characteristics †¢Short  - Can usually be read in one sitting. †¢Concise:  Ã‚  Information offered in the story is relevant to the tale being told.  Ã‚  This is unlike a novel, where the story can diverge from the main plot †¢Usually tries to leave behind a  single impression  or effect.  Ã‚  Usually, though not always built around one character, place, idea, or act. †¢Because they are concise, writers depend on the reader bringing  personal experiences  and  prior knowledge  to the story. 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Essay about Freedom of the Press - 5620 Words

Freedom of the Press Although a cherished right of the people, freedom of the press is different from other liberties of the people in that it is both individual and institutional. It applies not just to a single persons right to publish ideas, but also to the right of print and broadcast media to express political views and to cover and publish news. A free press is, therefore, one of the foundations of a democratic society, and as Walter Lippmann, the 20th-century American columnist, wrote, A free press is not a privilege, but an organic necessity in a great society. Indeed, as society has grown increasingly complex, people rely more and more on newspapers, radio, and television to keep abreast with world news, opinion, and†¦show more content†¦Every freeman has undoubted right to lay what sentiments he pleases before the public; to forbid this is to destroy the freedom of the press: but if he publishes what is improper, mischievous, or illegal, he must take the consequences of his own temerit y. But what constituted blasphemous, immoral, treasonable, schismatic, seditious or scandalous libels? They were, in fact, whatever the government defined them to be, and in essence, any publication even mildly critical of government policy or leaders could lead to a term in prison or worse. In such a subjective judgment, truth mattered not at all. The American colonists brought English common law across the Atlantic, and colonial officials had as little toleration for the press as did their masters back home. In 1735, the royal governor of New York, William Cosby, charged newspaper publisher John Peter Zenger with seditious libel for criticizing Cosbys removal of a judge who had ruled against the governors interests in an important case. Under traditional principles as enunciated by Blackstone, Zenger had a right to publish his criticism, but now had to face the consequences. However, Zengers attorney, Andrew Hamilton, convinced the jury to acquit Zenger on the grounds that what he had published was true. Although it would be many years before the notion of truth as a complete defense to libel would be accepted in either English or American law, the case did establish an important politicalShow MoreRelatedThe Freedom Of The Press1124 Words   |  5 Pagesoften looked at as one of the most important, protecting the right to pr actice religion, to assemble, to petition the government, and the freedom of the press. 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